what makes a acid strong and weak, and what makes a base strong and weak?

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If the acid is 100% dissociated in solutions of 1.0 M or less, it is called strong. A weak acid only partially dissociates in water to give H+ and the anion.Strong bases dissociate 100% into the cation. Weak bases do not furnish OH- ions by dissociation, instead they react with water to generate OH- ions.