it's the rational number that is the square of a rational number; the square root of a perfect square is a whole number
---so basically it's a whole number multiplied by itself & it can't be negative
examples:
0^2 (0x0)= 0
1^2 (1x1) = 1
2^2 (2x2) = 4
3^2 = 9
4^2 = 16
5^2 = 25
...and so on