Simple. You know that the sum of all oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is 0.And you know that the oxidation number of the oxygen is -2 ( except for when it's in Peroxides: -1 and with Fluorine: +1 or +2 ) And that the oxidation number of the Potassium K is +1 ( Group 1A )So now what you do is take the oxidation number of each and multiply it by the number of atoms/ions there is and equal it to zero. The you use algebra magic.So for CL in KCLO3 :(1 x 1) + (1 x Cl) + (3 x (-2)) = 01 + Cl - 6 = 0Cl - 5 = 0 Cl = +5
Done with a smile on the face